Distributional Effects of Tax Reforms in Japan

The distributional consequences of tax reforms under market distortions

In this paper we examine the importance of imperfect competition in product and labour markets in determining the long-run welfare effects of tax reforms assuming agent heterogeneneity in capital holdings. Each of these market failures, independently, results in welfare losses for at least a segment of the population, after a capital tax cut and a concurrent labour tax increase. However, when c...

Distributional Effects of Tax and Benefit Reforms in the Czech Republic

The Czech Republic has over the past decade carried out two waves of tax and benefit reforms. The first one took place in 2005–2006 during the left-wing government and the second one has been carried out in 2008 by the right-wing government. Using EUSILC data for selected types of households, the paper assesses changes in the distribution of gross incomes and effects of the changes in taxes and...

Within-cohort Inequality and Tax Reforms in Aging Japan

September 2002 Abstract This paper, in a quantitative way, studies the macroeconomic and welfare effects of introducing a progressive expenditure tax in a situation with the aging of the Japanese population. The paper simulates capital accumulation and social welfare by taking account of the general equilibrium effects of intragenerational inequality in order to predict the future aged society....

The Distributional Effects of Environmental Tax Reform

In recent years there has been increased debate about the potential for shifting the incidence of the tax system away from a variety of economic ‘goods’ (i.e. employment, investment, etc ...) and towards environmental ‘bads’ (i.e. pollution emissions, resource extraction, etc ...). However, in spite of their apparent efficiency, economic instruments have been adopted relatively less frequently ...

Bush Administration Tax Policy: Distributional Effects